Perçu parfois en Occident comme un livre à caractère pornographique, le Kama Sutra est en Inde l’un des textes fondateurs de l’hindouisme médiéval. L’érotisme y est vu comme une trame, un lien social et spirituel, ce qui pour les Occidentaux, marqués par la Bible, est difficilement compréhensible.
Kama Sutra - Annotated (The original english translation by Sir Richard Francis Burton)
Écrit au IIIᵉ siècle par le sage indien Vâtsyâyana, Kama Sutra - Annotated offre bien plus qu’un manuel érotique : une philosophie de l’amour, du plaisir et de l’harmonie.
The Kama Sutra is an ancient Indian Hindu text widely considered to be the standard work on human sexual behavior in Sanskrit literature written by Vatsyayana. A portion of the work consists of practical advice on sexual intercourse. It is largely in prose, with many inserted poetry verses. "Kama" which is one of the three goals of Hindu life, means sensual or sexual pleasure, and "sutra" literally means a thread or line that holds things together, and more metaphorically refers to an aphorism (or line, rule, formula), or a collection of such aphorisms in the form of a manual. Contrary to popular perception, especially in the western world, Kama sutra is not just an exclusive sex manual; it presents itself as a guide to a virtuous and gracious living that discusses the nature of love, family life and other aspects pertaining to pleasure oriented faculties of human life.
Content
Vatsyayana's Kama Sutra has 1250 verses, distributed in 36 chapters, which are further organized into 7 parts. According to the Burton translation, the contents of the book are structured into 7 parts like the following:
1. General remarks
Chapters on contents of the book, three aims and priorities of life, the acquisition of knowledge, conduct of the well-bred townsman, reflections on intermediaries who assist the lover in his enterprises (5 chapters).
2. Amorous advances/Sexual union
Chapters on stimulation of desire, types of embraces, caressing and kisses, marking with nails, biting and marking with teeth, on copulation (positions), slapping by hand and corresponding moaning, virile behavior in women, superior coition and oral sex, preludes and conclusions to the game of love. It describes 64 types of sexual acts (10 chapters).
3. Acquiring a wife
Chapters on forms of marriage, relaxing the girl, obtaining the girl, managing alone, union by marriage (5 chapters).
4. Duties and privileges of the wife
Chapters on conduct of the only wife and conduct of the chief wife and other wives (2 chapters).
5. Other men's wives
Chapters on behavior of woman and man, how to get acquainted, examination of sentiments, the task of go-between, the king's pleasures, behavior in the women's quarters (6 chapters).
6. About courtesans
Chapters on advice of the assistants on the choice of lovers, looking for a steady lover, ways of making money, renewing friendship with a former lover, occasional profits, profits and losses (6 chapters).
7. Occult practices
Chapters on improving physical attractions, arousing a weakened sexual power (2 chapters)
shield_question Foire aux questions
person_edit À propos de l'auteur
Vâtsyâyana, auteur présumé du Kama Sutra, est un érudit indien ayant vécu entre le IIIᵉ et le IVᵉ siècle de notre ère. Brahmane et spécialiste des sciences humaines, il a compilé ce traité comme un guide complet de l’art de vivre, intégrant la sexualité à une vision plus large de la société, de l’amour et de la spiritualité. Son œuvre, bien que souvent réduite à un manuel érotique, est en réalité une réflexion sur l’équilibre entre désir, devoir et plaisir, pilier de la culture hindoue classique.
newsmode Revue de presse
Le Kama Sutra est bien plus qu’un manuel de positions sexuelles : c’est un traité de philosophie pratique, où la sexualité est un art à cultiver, au même titre que la musique ou la poésie. La traduction de Burton, malgré ses biais victoriens, a ouvert la voie à une redécouverte de ce texte en Occident.