Alcools
Edition enrichie (Introduction, notes, dossier et chronologie)Placés sous le signe du temps qui passe, les poèmes d'Alcools récréent tout un monde : celui des lieux où son existence a conduit leur auteur et dont ils entrecroisent les souvenirs, comme celui de ces grandes figures féminines qui ont traversé sa vie. Mais ils sont en même temps imprégnés d'une culture à la fois populaire et savante qui permet au poète de recueillir l'héritage du passé tout en s'ouvrant à la modernité de la vie ordinaire - les affiches ou bien les avions. On aurait ainsi tort de croire que ce recueil où s'inaugure la poésie du XXe siècle soit, à sa parution en 1913, un livre de rupture. Nourri de poèmes anciens aussi bien que récents, le chant que font entendre ceux d'Apollinaire, à l'oralité si puissante, tire ses ressources du vers régulier comme du vers libre, et il ne s'agit pas pour le poète de céder au simple plaisir du nouveau : seule compte ici sa liberté et ce que lui dicte la voix inimitable d'un lyrisme qui n'a pas cessé de nous toucher.Édition présentée, annotée et commentée par Didier Alexandre. Chronologie de Laurence Campa.
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Guillaume Apollinaire
Guillaume Apollinaire ( ə-POL-in-AIR, French: ; born Wilhelm Albert Włodzimierz Aleksander Apolinary Kostrowicki; 26 August 1880 – 9 November 1918) was a Polish-French poet, playwright, short story writer, novelist and art critic of Polish, Swiss and Italian descent.
Apollinaire is considered one of the foremost poets of the early 20th century, as well as one of the most impassioned defenders of Cubism and a forefather of Surrealism. He is credited with coining the term "Cubism" in 1911 to describe the emerging art movement, the term Orphism in 1912, and the term "Surrealism" in 1917 to describe the works of Erik Satie. He wrote poems without punctuation, in his attempt to be resolutely modern in both form and subject. Apollinaire wrote one of the earliest Surrealist literary works, the play The Breasts of Tiresias (1917), which became the basis for Francis Poulenc's 1947 opera Les mamelles de Tirésias.
Influenced by Symbolist poetry in his youth, he was admired during his lifetime by the young poets who later formed the nucleus of the Surrealist group (Breton, Aragon, Soupault). He revealed very early on an originality that freed him from any school of influence and made him one of the precursors of the literary revolution of the first half of the 20th century. His art is not based on any theory, but on a simple principle: the act of creating must come from the imagination, from intuition, because it must be as close as possible to life, to nature, to the environment, and to the human being.
Apollinaire was also active as a journalist and art critic for Le Matin, L'Intransigeant, L'Esprit nouveau, Mercure de France, and Paris Journal. In 1912 Apollinaire cofounded Les Soirées de Paris, an artistic and literary magazine.
Two years after being wounded in World War I, Apollinaire died during the Spanish flu pandemic of 1918 and was recognized as "Fallen for France" (Mort pour la France) because of his commitment during the war.
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